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CMU-ISRI-05-138
Institute for Software Research International
School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University
CMU-ISRI-05-138
Privacy Indexes: A Survey of Westin's Studies
Ponnurangam Kumaraguru, Lorrie Faith Cranor
December 2005
CMU-ISRI-05-138.pdf
Keywords: Privacy survey, privacy index, privacy attitudes,
medical privacy, consumer privacy, e-commerce, privacy fundamentalist,
privacy pragmatist, privacy unconcerned
Since the late 1970 s Dr. Alan Westin has conducted over 30 privacy
surveys. For each of his surveys, Westin has created one or more
Privacy Indexes to summarize his results and to show trends in
privacy concerns. Many privacy researchers are interested in using
these privacy indexes as benchmarks to which they can compare their
own survey results. However, the details of how the indexes were
calculated have not been reported except in the original survey
reports. These reports were originally distributed in paper form,
and many are no longer readily available. We obtained paper copies
of five of these survey reports and found a sixth report online.
We also found summaries of eight additional reports online. Here
we report on the methodology used each year to calculate the
privacy indexes and draw some conclusions about which indexes can be
used to infer privacy trends.
21 pages
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